Black pepper, the “King of Spices”, is native to the Malabar Coast of India, Its fruity taste spicy, and it is one of the earliest spices used by people, also the most widely used spice today. It is even known as “Black Gold”, that is an important trade commodity between India and Europe, and it was collected as a tribute in ancient Greece and Rome. Although it was originally a spice from the East, it became popular in Europe very early. It is said that in the Middle Ages European countries fought wars over Piper nigrum, which was as expensive as gold at that time.
Its main component is piperine, also contains a small amount of aromatic oil, crude protein, crude fat and soluble nitrogen, which can remove fishy smell and aid digestion. At the same time, it also has vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin C, volatile oil, starch, thiamine, copper, iron, zinc, ketone, alcohol, enzyme, etc. It often accompanied by meat, especially beef, when cured and cooked meat with them is not only easy to preserve, but also tastes particularly delicious, with a unique spicy flavor.
At the same time, it is also one of the most important medicinal and edible homologous plants in the Ayurvedic medicine system. According to Ayurvedic medical records, black pepper is one of the three major herbs (black pepper, Piper longum and ginger) that must be used in medical prescriptions, and is used to treat various diseases for a long time, such as eliminating phlegm and detoxifying, removing fishy smell and greasy, increasing appetite, relieving diarrhea, antiseptic and antibacterial, etc. With the development of modern medicine, its uses are becoming more and more extensive.
Piperine, the main component of black pepper extract powder, is also one of its pungent components. Usually the content of pepper seeds is 5% to 9%, sometimes as high as 11%. The chemical formula is C17H19NO3, light yellow or off-white powder, odorless, tasteless at first, and then spicy. It is oluble in chloroform, ethanol, ether, soluble in benzene and acetic acid, almost insoluble in water and petroleum ether. It has antioxidant, antibacterial, immune regulation, antitumor and other effects. Also a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant, and has been widely used in clinical practice.
After many studies and experiments, it was found that Piperine 95% can improve the bioavailability of various nutrients, enhance the efficacy, and improve the absorption rate of nutrients by at least 30%. It mainly enhances bioavailability by regulating the circulation mechanism in the human body，and regulating enzymes related to metabolism，these nutrients include water- or oil-soluble vitamins, essential amino acids, minerals, plant extracts, antioxidants, and essential fatty acids.
1. Curcumin + Piperine
Curcumin, derived from the rhizome of turmeric, is a natural pigment and a polyphenolic natural antioxidant. It has a good effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, antithrombotic and cardiovascular protection effects, it is very beneficial to the human body. Meanwhile, it is FDA-approved generally recognized as safe substances. Clinical trials have shown that human consumption up to 12 g/day is safe. However, its bioavailability in the body is very low and cannot exert health benefits.
One study showed that adding 20 mg of piperine to 2 grams of curcumin increased the absorption rate of curcumin by a factor of 20, because piperine may help curcumin more easily pass through the intestinal wall , then enters the bloodstream and slows the liver‵s catabolism of turmeric.
2. Coenzyme + Piperine
Coenzyme Q10 is an important source of energy for mitochondria, which are one of the important organelles that help cells to complete their work. They are the energy engine of hundreds of millions of cells in the human body, and more than 95% of the energy in the human body is generated here. However, there is less and less absorption with age. Adding black pepper extract can increase its concentration in the blood, which is more conducive to the absorption and utilization of the human body, and the absorption rate can be increased to 31.8%
3. Resveratrol + Piperine
Resveratrol is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound, widely present in grapes, strawberries, peanuts, Polygonum cuspidatum, mulberry and other natural plants, with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardiovascular protection and other properties pharmacological effects. However, the poor water solubility, instability and rapid metabolism severely limit the application and development . Studies have shown that the combined supplementation of piperine and resveratrol can improve its bioavailability, which can significantly increase the bioavailability by 2.29 times.
In addition to that, it has a good boosting effect on Selenium, Victamin C, Beta-carotene, etc., which can increase its potential health benefits.
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